The community's one group was in one unity of the village led by the head of the village, that also functioned as the Head of the Tradition or the Elder of the Tradition. The customs and traditions of the village community was developed by the leaders that his position that is Depati and Ninik Mamak. Supervised by Depati had Permenti (Rio, Datuk and Pemangku) was the degree of the tradition that had the strength in all the problems of the life of the community of adat.Wilayah Depati Ninik Mamak was mentioned ‘ajun arah’. The structure of the Kedepatian government: 1.Depati Mudo Terawang Lidah concentrated in the PENAWAR Village 2. Depati Empat Pemangku Lima Delapan Helai of Alam Kerinci Cloth, concentrated in the Marshy Forest; 3. Depati Empat Tiga Helai of Cloth, concentrated in the Island of the Cage; 4. Pegawe Rajo Pegawe Jenang Suluh Bindang Alam Kerinci, concentrated in the Penuh River; 5. Siliring Panjang or the Rajo Mosquito Net, concentrated in Lolo; 6. Tigo Luhah the Land A the Veil, Siulak; 7. The Limo Puluh Tumbi hollow, Concentrated in Lempur;
The Depati strength was according to the tradition narrated cut off was cut off, ate was finished, killed died. Depati had the right that was highest to decide a case. In the village had 4 pillars that were acknowledged as the group 4 kinds, that is the group of the tradition, the Muslim scholar, the intellectual and the young man. The four pillars were the formal leader before the Netherlands entered Kerinci 1903. After 1903, the group 4 kinds changed became informal leader. The government of the village (the Depati government) did not have an autocracy nature. All Mas the village, the nephew's child was always completed with the conference mufakat. Ninik Mamak had the strength resolved the problem in his heart was their respective. The village consisted of several luhah. Luhah consisted of several stomachs and the stomach consisted of several doors, in the door had again brush. The form of the Kerinci government before the Dutch arrival with system original democracy, was system pure autonomy. The executive was Depati and Ninik Mamak. Legislative was the Person tuo Intelligent as the government's adviser. Depati also had the authority punished and fined was arranged with the current tradition therefore dwi the Depati function.
The Kerinci community pulled the line of the descendants matrilineally, meaning that a person who was born according to the line of the mother according to the mother's ethnic group. The husband must submit and obeyed in tenganai the house, that is the brother from his wife. In the Kerinci community the marriage was carried out according to the customs and traditions that was matched with the Islam religious teaching. Affinity relations in Kerinci had the feeling of deep familiarity. The feeling social, please-helped, kegotongroyongan continued to be buried in the spirit of the Kerinci community. Between one family and the other family had the feeling of togetherness and the closeness. This was marked by the existence of calls pasa the relatives by the name of the typical call. Because of this the family or between the family was very sensitive to the environment or the other family. Between parents and the child, the female relatives a mother, in spite of that the male relatives was relations that were potential in moving a certain activity.
Social relations
The structure of unity of the Kerinci community from big to that was small, that is kemendapoan, the village, the heart, the stomach, the door and the hand. In the traditional conference had the stage of the traditional conference, consideration and hokum the tradition, supported rose, bertangga descended, according to sko that three takah, that is sko Tengganai, sko Ninik Mamak and sko Depati. The difference of the class in the Kerinci community not very menyolok. Stratifihasi social the Kerinci community only acted in unity of the village or between the fragment village of the parent village. Unity ulayat the country or the village was acknowledged as the ditch bersudut four. All the problems that happened good the problem of the inheritance, criminal, the land et cetera was always matched according to current traditional law.
Relations Kerinci with the Outside World
Since the Kerinci prehistoric time was open and had relations with the outside area, it was proved with the discovery of the vessel perungu that have the shape of like the pot langseng and flat. The form and ukiran this vessel be the same as that was found in the Madura island. Ukiran the two vessels were very beautiful, the decoration ukiran took the form of geometric and twisting pictures similar to the “J” letter. Persumpahan in the Setinjau Laut Lunang Hill between Kerinci, Jambi and Indrapura (Minangkabau) was the friendship tie that was close between three kingdoms. Persumpahan discussed the problem helped each other to help between one area and the other area, both social economics and the defence field. The Andalas coast was occupied by the Netherlands during 1666 M., afterwards on August 19 1781 the Coast of Barat Sumatra was occupied by England, afterwards in 1819 England mengebalikan again to the Netherlands. At that time the inhabitants Kerinci has many that traded outside the area like Muko-muko, Tapan, Indrapura, Bangko and Jambi by bringing results of agriculture like Coffee, the rice et cetera. Many also that
The war Kerinci in 1901 – 1903
The Netherlands made an effort to look for the road to Kerinci. At first during 1900 from Muko-muko was sent a contingent the Netherlands held the patrol in the Setinjau Laut Hill. In the peak of the Mountain of Raya Netherlands established one pesangrahan and installed one sign as their arrival warning. After being known by the Dutch existence that will attack Kerinci, then the Kerinci people became sensational and angry, because of Dutch who came that in regarded the infidel, the inhabitants Kerinci 100% the follower Islam, certainly the Dutch arrival was not liked. The first battle in Renah Manjuto raged between the Kerinci district chief and Dutch troops under the command of Depati Parbo. Casualties dipihak the Netherlands a great number as far as them failed entered kerinci. At that point during 1901 the Kerinci War on the Dutch colonisation was begun. In October 1901, 120 people of Dutch troops was in Indrapura was ready to attack Kerinci. In March 1902, 500 people of Dutch troops under the Commander Bolmar landed in Muaro Sakai, Mr I Regen as the signpost entered Kerinci. The Netherlands attacked from three routes:
Kerinci after the Depati Parbo War
After the Kerinci war was finished, was formed system the Colonial Dutch government. In 1916 Onder Afdelling Kerinci was divided 3 of Onder Distrik that is: 1. Onder Distrik Kerinci Hulu with the located capital in Semurup. 2. Onder Distrik Kerinci Tengah with the located capital in the Penuh River. 3. Ondre Distrik Kerinci Hilir was located in Sanggaran Agung. To tahun1922 Kerinci became Afdelling Kerinci Painan in the West Sumatra Presidency, the Netherlands realised that the authority of leading figures of the tradition was in villages needed. The leading figure of this tradition was used by the Netherlands to reinforce the colonisation in Kerinci. The Netherlands formed the government kemendapoan. Kemendapoan direct under Onder Distrik that three earlier. Supervised by Kemendapoan was gotten by the government of villages or the Head of the Village and beneath it had Ninik Mamak. The Kemendapoan government stayed proceeding until the issuing of Nomor UU 5 in 1979 about the Government of the Village, with the issuing of this UU ended the Kemendapoan government in Kerinci.
The Available organisation in the Kerinci Regency
In Kerinci since the Dutch colonisation and Japan, there were two big organisations that many of his followers, that is: 1) the Organisation of Muhammadiyah/Aisyiah and his scouting organisation Hizbulwatan. 2) the Organisation of the Tarbiyah Islamiyah Association (PERTI). The Muhammadiyah Aisyiah organisation entered Kerinci tahun1938 was brought by Buya Zainal Abidin Syuib that came from the West Sumatra area. Most inhabitants Kerinci were to become the member Muhammadiyah/Asyiah and that was other was to become the member the Tarbiyatul Islamiyah Organisation (PERTI). The two organisations since the Dutch colonisation, particularly in the RI Independence time to the pioneer of the progress of Moslems in Kerinci. After going him the RI Government (after restoration of the sovereignty) a great number of the Muslim scholars and the leaders of the people became the government's member and the member DPRD Kabupaten Kerinci.
The Japanese arrival
Japan At the beginning of March 1942 Japan attacked to Indonesia. After Japan entered the West Sumatra area, then the young man A. Thalib came home to the area of his birth that is Kerinci when Japan formed “Pemuda Nippon Raya” that was supervised headed by the Sulaiman Preacher for the West Sumatra area, then A.Thalib also tried to form ”Pemuda Nippon raya” for the Kerinci area. I. Sikap Rakyat towards Japan After Japan occupied Kerinci, Pemerintahan of the Angkatan Darat Military was carried out in Kerinci. The government was in Kerinci headed by a Pemerintan Head that was acknowledged as Busutzo. The centre of the Government in the period dirumah the former Dutch Controller, whereas Japanese troops had headquarters dilokasi District Military Command 0417 Kerinci now. The social situation the people's Kerinci economics began to be controlled, including the restriction on the right against undertook Islam islamic canon law as well as the suppression towards the people's economics. The fear that really against Kempetai Japan, famous with the term of Japanese MP paralysed the spirit and the people's mentality Kerinci. Supervised by the government of Miliater Japan the educational situation in Kerinci only aimed at educating the young man.
The People's attitude towards Japan
After Japan occupied Kerinci, Pemerintahan of the Angkatan Darat Military was carried out in Kerinci. The government was in Kerinci headed by a Pemerintan Head that was acknowledged as Busutzo. The centre of the Government in the period dirumah the former Dutch Controller, whereas Japanese troops had headquarters dilokasi District Military Command 0417 Kerinci now. The social situation the people's Kerinci economics began to be controlled, including the restriction on the right against undertook Islam islamic canon law as well as the suppression towards the people's economics. The fear that really against Kempetai Japan, famous with the term of Japanese MP paralysed the spirit and the people's mentality Kerinci. Supervised by the government of Miliater Japan the educational situation in Kerinci only aimed at educating the cadre's young man Jepang.dibawah the government of the hard Military the people Kerinci was carried Japan to one aim, that is to win his war on allied troops. Supervised by the suppression of the Government of the Japanese Military, the people Kerinci really suffered and his economy was destroyed was crushed. The people's rice was taken by Japan in the middle of the paddy-field or was forced to be issued from the barn for the soldier's Japanese food. With the existence of the robbery then the people Kerinci the lack of the rice. The explanation and the news that.
KERINCI REALLY PROKALAMASI AND the SURRENDER of the SOVEREIGNTY
The proclamation of RI independence in knew in kerinci on August 23 1945, after the envoy from Padang met H. Muchtaruddin handed over the copy of the text of the Proclamation. On August 24 1945 (jum’at the morning) the meeting was held in the A. Thalib Tyui residence (in the Nek Siin house). On the day jum’at on August 24 1945 the red flag white for the first time in flew in the peak of the Raya Sungai Penuh mosque by A. Thalib former Tyui (the First Lieutenant) Gyu-Gun. On Saturday on August 25 1945 in held pengibaran the red flag white officially dilapangan the Bungkal River (now the DPRD Kerinci office) and behind the barracks ex Japan (now the District Military Command office 0417 Kerinci) the Committee of Nasional Indonesia (KNI) the territory kerinci will be formed mid September 1945 with his chairman of H. Adnan Thalib, was based on the decision of the Persiapan Committee for Independence on August 22 1945. At the end of December 1945 A. Adnan Thalib was appointed by West Sumatra President to Demang (the District Chief), then the KNI chairman in
After the issuing of the announcement of RI Vice President No. X the date 16-10-1945, the realisation of the announcement of the Government of the date 3-11-1945, stood the political party in Kerinci. In penghujung tahun1945, was formed the Rakyat Paramilitary Troops in the Kerinci area. In the meantime with increasingly serious him the situation resulting from the Dutch action that was compatible with the Lingkarjati agreement, then the Indonesian government took the policy including joining all the armed fighters was supervised this one command. With the determination of RI President on June 3 1947 all the fighter was armed must be in one forum and Tri in the fox became the TNI (the Troops of Nasional Indonesia), all kelaskaran in dispersed gathered with the TNI.
On August 21 1945 troops Japanese Batalion Akiama Syose that at first was located in the Putus Tapan Hill suddenly moved to Kerinci (the Penuh River) and some troops in appointed in the area of Aro Wood. On August 23 1945 A. Thalib met Akiyama Syose, kKomandan Pasukan Japan, to negotiate concerning the surrender of Japanese weapons in pemerintan RI. Tetapi very much in saying would the talks were not successful and the A. Thalib request in denied by Nakano Tyui.
In September 1945 the weapon duel between the fighter happened to the Japanese troops, this battle happened for two at 30 o'clock the minute from striking 14,30 to 16.00 WSU that mengakiabatkan 2 people fell and 2 people of the serious wound. The day after tomorrow him in September 1945 this, was carried out the invasion to the Japanese post in Command by A. Thalib exact at 22.00 the night. The troops's Japanese bodies that were killed ± 20 people, afterwards these bodies in cremation (in burnt) in the Sako Duo area (Kyu Aro) in the area of the Estuary of the Gourd. In the first quarter in 1946 went out the instruction on the West Sumatra president about the H. Adnan Thalib appointment to Demang Kerinci because of that to fill up the position of the chairman of the National Indonesian committee (KNI) in the area kerinci that was vacant has in chose H. A. Rahman Dayah as the KNI chairman in the Kerinci area.
On June 1 1946 the Commander of the battalion of III Kerinci Mayor A. Thalib in promoted became the Commander of the Regiment Ii the IX division in the Lunto Paddy-field with Lieutenant Colonel's rank. On August 28 1946 the Regiment Ii was held by Lieutenant Colonel A. Thalib replaced Lieutenant Colonel Dahlan Ibrahim.
On the end of 1946, Kpolisian Kerinci changed to Regency police of Kerinci – Painan with his management of Commissioner Klas II M. Nazir whereas his officers in part were the Inspector Ii Memed and the Inspector Ii Mawin. On December 18 1947 in accordance with the guidance from the West Sumatra Resident, then in Kewedanan Kerinci was formed the Pertahanan Post of the People Kewedanan Kerinci or in short (MPRK), with his commander direct Captain Marjisan Yunus, after 1948 just diserah hand over with the Second Lieutenant Muradi.
When gazing at the surrender of the sovereignty by the Netherlands in Kerinci, the former Perang generations and Guerrilla that was spread all the Kerinci corner, formed one organisation that was named the Association of Ex Angkatan Perang RI (PAPRI). The Dutch surrender incident in the Penuh River was in order to carry out the Commander's order of the Division of IX Brigade Banteng TNI Central Sumatra, that instructed Lt col A. Thalib departed keibukota the PSK. Untuk Regency accepted the surrender of the Kerinci territory from the Dutch hands ketangan Kerinci.
The struggle for the people Kerinci maintained RI independence, realised Earth Sakti Alam Kerinci became a regency. The struggle that was carried out by the Kerinci people for the physical revolution, had various heroic struggle features. Konfrensi Meja Bundar (KMB) in The Hague destroyed the Dutch dream of colonising again Indonesia, and Earth Alam Kerinci returned to the Motherland lap as the independent area was supervised by RI. Demikianlah the history of the struggle for the people Kerinci to maintain Republic of Indonesia independence.
The source : PEMKAB KERINCI
Read More >>>
Atom Feed (xml)
The inhabitants (the community) Kerinci was to be the original inhabitants, meaning that the Kerinci community since his ancestors have for a long time resided in this area. The social situation the community's Kerinci culture was characterised by the existence of the Kerinci Ethnic Group, that is meupakan the descendants of the Malay Tua ethnic group that resided since the Mezoliticum time, as well as had the language and the specific dialect (the Kerinci Language) in writing the Srik Dagger.
